Spectrum analyser
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The integrated FFT spectrum analyser provides detailed frequency domain analysis, ideal for identifying noise, crosstalk and signal distortion. The spectrum analyser in PicoScope is of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) type, which, unlike a traditional swept spectrum analyser, can display the spectrum of a single, non-repeating waveform. With up to a million points and comprehensive measurement tools, PicoScope's spectrum analysis capabilities are second to none.
With a click of a button, you can display a spectrum plot of the active channels, with a maximum frequency up to the bandwidth of your scope. To focus on a specific frequency range, you can directly set the start and stop values of the analyser frequency axis.
You can display multiple spectrum views alongside oscilloscope views of the same data. A comprehensive set of automatic frequency-domain measurements can be added to the display, including THD, THD+N, SNR, SINAD and IMD. You can even use the AWG and spectrum mode together to perform swept scalar network analysis. |
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The spectrum works with the waveform buffer so you can capture and rewind through thousands of spectrum plots. Or, save time by using mask limit tests to scan through them all automatically. Spectrum masks and measurements also work with PicoScope actions just like in the time domain, so you can leave the spectrum running continuously and choose to save the waveform on a mask failure, or trigger an alarm when the harmonics are too high.
A full range of settings gives you control over the number of spectrum bands (FFT bins), scaling (including log/log) and display modes (instantaneous, average, or peak-hold). A selection of window functions allows you to optimise for selectivity, accuracy or dynamic range.
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Scopes for a digital world
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The world is getting more digital. While analog measurements remain vital in a digital environment (for tests such as signal integrity, rise time, noise and so on), often the data itself within the signal is what matters.
MSOs (Mixed Signal Oscilloscopes) are oscilloscopes with dedicated digital channels as well as the standard analog inputs. These digital channels have just one bit (logic high or low) but can measure many channels at once—instead of needing a four-channel oscilloscope just to view one bus, an eight-channel digital input can monitor data in, data out, clocks, and multiple address lines.
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The digital inputs can use any of up to 40 serial decoders (with more being added all the time) as standard, and can even decode multiple different serial protocols at once.
Digital channels can also be displayed as groups with the combined total displayed in a variety of number formats or a single analog value. Advanced logic triggers will wait for a user-defined combination of levels and transitions, so you can customize it completely to your scenario.
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Arbitrary Waveform Generator and Function Generator
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All PicoScope 6000E Series oscilloscopes come with a built-in function generator and arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) capable of ±5 V output.
The AWG operates at 14 bits and 200 MS/s. By using a variable sample clock, the jitter that typically appears on waveform edges is avoided. In addition, the AWG is capable of generating accurate frequencies down to 100 µHz. AWG waveforms can be created or modified with the built-in editor, imported from oscilloscope traces or loaded from a spreadsheet, and they can be exported to a .CSV file too.
The function generator is capable of sine and square waves up to 50 MHz. It can also create triangle waves, DC voltages, white noise, PRBS and other waveforms at lower frequencies. It includes controls to adjust the amplitude, offset and frequency, plus frequency sweep functions - ideal for testing and validating amplifiers and filters.
Combine the function generator with trigger tools to output a known number of cycles when certain conditions are met, such as the scope triggering or a mask test limit failing.
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Flexible resolution, up to 12 bits
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What is FlexRes?
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A FlexRes® oscilloscope is able to swap between different vertical resolutions, so you can prioritize sampling rate or high resolution, or balance the two. PicoScope 6000E Series FlexRes oscilloscopes make this optimization in the hardware, and so it is more flexible than resolution enhancement or waveform averaging, which are software features. However, FlexRes can be used in combination with resolution enhancement and waveform averaging for even better performance.
An 8-bit scope will have the fastest sample rate and can store more waveforms in its on-board memory. In 8-bit mode your scope can capture and store huge amounts of data for analysis - perfect for decoding digital signals.
A 12-bit scope has 4096 different possible voltage levels, compared to just 256 with 8-bit resolution. The quantisation noise of 8-bit mode is much higher, making the SNR much smaller. Using a high vertical resolution is perfect for low-level analogue signals when any amount of noise is significant.
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How do we do it?
Typically, digital oscilloscopes increase sample rate by time-interleaving multiple low-resolution ADCs. The interleaving process adds fundamental errors so that the dynamic performance is always worse than that of the individual (8-bit) ADC.
Pico's FlexRes architecture starts with high-resolution ADCs, each with multiple cores. The image shows one ADC of a FlexRes PicoScope 6000E Series, with four channels active, each ADC core samples at its maximum rate of 1.25 GS/s. The four cores can be fed with phase-shifted timing signals for a single channel. Interleaving four high-resolution cores reduces the dynamic performance vs. one single core, but it is still better than a single low-resolution core (but with all the sampling speed benefits).
Alternatively, to prioritise precision over speed, all four cores are fed the same timing signal. The output of the four is averaged to reduce noise, and the resolution is boosted to 12 bits. The parallelisation improves SNR and non-linearity for excellent dynamic performance.
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Ultra-deep memory oscilloscope
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Pico oscilloscopes punch far above their weight in memory depth. Deep memory allows you to capture data for longer, but then zoom in and analyse the data with no loss of horizontal resolution. The zoom function lets you zoom into your waveform up to 100 million times! PicoScope 7 also allows multiple viewports to display the same signal at different zoom levels - see the details without losing sight of the bigger picture.
Ultra-deep memory combines perfectly with measurements and DeepMeasure™ so that you can analyse a huge amount of data at once, for the most accurate statistics. When viewing digital data, the deep memory allows you to record and decode longer communication periods for more in-depth analysis.
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The total memory is divided between all active channels, including digital channels if available. The memory can also be segmented in time, so you can set up a trigger and capture data only when it matters - skipping all the dead time in between. Using the PicoScope 7 software, you can have up to a huge 40 000 segments! Searching through that many captures would be incredibly time-consuming, which is why the deep memory combines with the waveform buffer, masks, measurements and persistence modes to help you find glitches and errors quickly
You can also make use of rapid triggering mode, where data is not returned to the PC until all of the segments are full. Pausing communications hugely decreases the re-arm time - perfect for capturing packets of digital data in quick succession. All of the data is stored on the oscilloscope, ready to be retrieved at the end of the capture.
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Advanced digital triggers for maximum flexibility
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Pico Technology pioneered the use of digital triggers back in 1991 and they have only got more powerful since. The flexibility offered by digital triggers allows for a multitude of advanced digital trigger types - more than just edges, PicoScopes can trigger on runt pulses, different length pulses, or even logical combinations of multiple digital or analog signals. Every trigger is accurately timestamped for reference, displayed as either sample intervals or raw time.
PicoScope uses the actual digitised data to trigger. Time and amplitude errors are minimised through filtering, and our digital triggers can trigger on even the smallest signals - there are no limits on slew rate. The trigger is just as accurate at full bandwidth. The trigger levels and hysteresis can be set with the highest precision and resolution.
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Digital triggers really excel when it comes to advanced trigger types. PicoScope allows triggers based on signal edges (rising, falling, or both) but also pulse characteristics (height, width), timing (rise/fall times, dropouts), and logic. The trigger setup can be a simple threshold or complex windows, so the scope only triggers on what you actually want to see.
PicoScopes with MSOs can trigger when any or all of the 16 digital inputs match a user-defined pattern. You can specify a condition for each channel individually, or set up a pattern for all the channels together using a hex or binary value.
Logic triggers allow you to combine edges and windows on the analogue inputs: for instance, trigger on the rising edge of A only if B is already high, or trigger if any channel exceeds a predefined voltage range.
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Powerful trigger features
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Configurable trigger hold-off
Trigger holdoff allows the oscilloscope to ignore potentially trigger-firing events for a set period of time after a trigger - perfect for finding the first edge of a burst of data but not triggering on the rest, resulting in a clean capture every time. The hold-off can be configured for any period from 1 ns to more than a day!
High-resolution trigger timestamps
Triggers can also be timestamped with single-sample-interval accuracy. With a 10 GS/s sampling rate, that amounts to 100 ps of resolution. With trigger timestamps, you can identify precisely when an event occurred and easily correlate it with other conditions.
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Signal fidelity
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PicoScope 6000E Series oscilloscopes have an SFDR of up to 60 dB on FlexRes models. Even on the 3 GHz 6428E-D the crosstalk is better than 200:1 across the entire bandwidth (and over 1000:1 up to 500 MHz). With PicoScope, you can trust in the waveform you see on the screen. |
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Pico has been designing oscilloscopes for over 30 years. With our experience we design our front-ends to minimize noise, crosstalk and harmonic distortion without compromising on metrics such as pulse response and bandwidth flatness. |
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